Post by Emmanuel Jesuyon Dansu (@ejdansu)

Inspiring Mathematicians 20: Al-Battani

Al-Battani (c. 858–929 CE) was one of the greatest mathematicians and astronomers of the Islamic Golden Age.

Born in Harran (in present-day Turkey), he made pioneering contributions to trigonometry by systematically using sine, cosine, and tangent functions, helping transform trigonometry into an independent mathematical discipline.

His highly accurate astronomical observations improved measurements of the solar year, the tilt of the Earth's axis, and planetary motions.

His most famous work, Kitab az-Zij (The Astronomical Tables), became a major reference for scholars in both the Islamic world and Europe, influencing later scientists such as Nicolaus Copernicus.

Through his blend of precise observation and mathematical innovation, Al-Battani helped lay important foundations for modern astronomy and mathematical science.

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